|
Fish:
Useful Bioindicators for Evaluation of Contamination in
Water Ecosystems
Emanuel
Sucman, Institute of Food Chemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty
of Chemistry, Brno University of Technology, Purkyňova
118, 612 00 Brno, Czech Republic, Tel: +420 541149408,
Email: sucman@fch.vutbr.cz
Milada Vávrová, Institute of
Chemistry and Technology of Environmental Protectio,
Faculty
of Chemistry, Brno University of Technology, Purkyňova
118, 612 00 Brno, Czech Republic, Tel: +420 541149340,
Email: vavrova@fch.vutbr.cz
Helena Zlámalová Gargošová, Faculty
of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of
Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Science Brno, Palackého
1-3, 612 42 Brno, Czech Republic, Tel: +420 541562656,
Email: gargosovah@vfu.cz
Miroslava Mahrová, Faculty
of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of
Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Science Brno, Palackého
1-3, 612 42 Brno, Czech Republic, Tel: +420 541562603,
Email: m.mahrovam@centrum.cz
Fish
is one of the animal species, which is most often used as
an environmental bio-indicator to monitor a level of
hydrosphere pollution. The fish were taken during the
years 2002 – 2004 from the water reservoirs
Smradavka and Korycany located in the south-east part of
the Czech Republic. Seven fish species were
monitored. Fish
tissues were analyzed for both heavy metals (As, Cd, Cu,
Ni, Pb, Zn) and PCBs indicator congeners. Atomic
absorption spectroscopy was used for heavy metals
determination, high resolution gas chromatography with ECD63Ni
detection was used for PCBs determination. The
levels of particular trace elements ranged as follows (mg
/kg fresh tissue): As 21.6 – 48.0, Cu 126 – 612, Ni 45
– 125, Pb 12.4 – 28.7 and. Zn 3700 – 12500. The Cd
concentrations were below the limit of determination
(0.2). Levels of PCB congeners in fish were variable and
did not seem to characterize any particular fish species. The
highest values were found for the PCB 153 congener in
bream, eel and pike ranging from 12.5 to 22.5 mg
/kg fresh tissue. The lowest concentration in all fish
species was found for the PCB 52 congener ranging
from 0.12 to 1.30 mg
/kg fresh tissue. The sum of PCB indicator congeners
ranged from 9.10 mg
/kg fresh tissue (roach) to 53.9 mg
/kg fresh tissue (bream). The levels of PCB
congeners are higher than the background in the Czech
Republic (2 – 5 μg/kg fresh tissue). The overall
level of contamination in fish is low and the current
limit for residues which is valid in the Czech Republic
was not exceeded in any case.
Top
|
